Probably, today there are no people who do not know this magnificent flower. In Russia, chamomile personifies the beauty of the world, awakens in a person feelings of kindness, tenderness, love.
What are camomiles?
Chamomile is a perennial plant and belongs to the family Asteraceae. Often found in nature, the species is a nyvyanik, the Latin name is Laucanthenum.
The word "Daisy" comes from the Latin "romana" (Roman) from the Middle Ages, at first it was called "Roman grass", "Roman flower." Later it acquired a caressing “daisy” and since then this name of the flower has become the most common and favorite in Russia.
Garden camomile.
People call it as a nyvyanik, a clerk - one of the most famous daisies. This variety is very photophilous. The plant is perennial. It is characterized by straight stems reaching a height of 100 cm. The flowers look like big baskets. At the ends of the stems, the flowers are often white and the middle part is decorated with yellow inflorescences.
Pharmaceutical camomile.
Pharmacy chamomile is rarely seen in nature. But nevertheless, it can be found in areas of crops, near roads, less often in gardens. The flowers of this type of chamomile look small - only no more than 2 cm. Doctors use the chamomile of the genus Matricaria: pharmacy. It is used in most medicinal preparations and is part of many cosmetic recipes. Since ancient times, this plant has been used in the treatment of female diseases - hence the popular name - "mother liquor", "uterine grass". Chamomile pharmacy can also be distinguished by the persistent smell of apples, which other types of chamomile do not have.
Rock daisy - Kuril nimbus (Leucanthemum kurilense (Tzvel.) Worosch).
The plant is perennial and forms single or few large white flowers. The leaves are large, dissected. The stem height is small, only up to 20 cm, the root part is thickened. It blooms in August. It is found on all islands of the Kuril ridge, the islands of Honshu, Hokkaido. It grows on sandy sea bays, rocks, talus of stones.
Modern varieties of chamomile originate from the "Pyrethrum pink."
The stems of these varieties reach a height of up to 70 cm., And the flowers in diameter - up to 6 cm. The color is different: bright red, pink. There are interesting varieties with a terry-shaped flower. Bright yellow daisy flowers are Doronikum. Very beautiful plants bloom in May. The flowers are solitary, cast in gold and the leaves lie flat, like a carpet. Varieties "Alaska" and "Winner" are quite stable for central Russia. They come from L. maximum (Ramond), a perennial plant with branched stems up to 100 cm high. Varieties differ in very beautiful inflorescences - similar to chrysanthemums. They are characterized by late flower formation, in the middle zone of Russia - this is the beginning of July. lasts from July to the first frosts, which is a fairly large period.
Variety of chamomile "Winner" of Russian origin, very well established. The height of the stem is up to 120 cm. It forms a bush of rounded shape, very dense. The flowers are white, large, reed-shaped, located on the edges of the stems in 3 rows. In the middle, tubular yellow inflorescences form.
Chamomile growing.
Sunny garden spots are most preferred for chamomile. It blooms well in shaded places, but later the flower legs lose their density and fade. Plants are demanding on moist and fairly fertilized soil. It is cultivated up to 30 cm deep and well drained. Loamy and sandy soils, especially its moist areas, are very contraindicated.
It is necessary, starting in July, as soon as the first flowers appear, cut into bouquets, not forgetting to leave a small amount for receiving seeds in the future. This will ensure good ripening. Once the baskets are brown, they can be cut. Seeds by peeling are fairly easy to separate. Seeds are stored in paper bags. There they dry completely. Bags should have small openings for air to pass through. After about two weeks, the seeds will be completely ready for storage.
Chamomile is sown on beds in the last decade of May. Chamomile seedlings can be transplanted in mid-August. The next year it blooms.
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